Issue 2801 - Create 'Whitelisted websites' screen and add link to 'Ad blocking' screen

mobile/android/thirdparty/org/apache/commons/validator/routines/DomainValidator.java

+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.validator.routines;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.net.IDN;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/**
+ * <p><b>Domain name</b> validation routines.</p>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * This validator provides methods for validating Internet domain names
+ * and top-level domains.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <p>Domain names are evaluated according
+ * to the standards <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1034.txt">RFC1034</a>,
+ * section 3, and <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1123.txt">RFC1123</a>,
+ * section 2.1. No accommodation is provided for the specialized needs of
+ * other applications; if the domain name has been URL-encoded, for example,
+ * validation will fail even though the equivalent plaintext version of the
+ * same name would have passed.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * Validation is also provided for top-level domains (TLDs) as defined and
+ * maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA):
+ * </p>
+ *
+ *   <ul>
+ *     <li>{@link #isValidInfrastructureTld} - validates infrastructure TLDs
+ *         (<code>.arpa</code>, etc.)</li>
+ *     <li>{@link #isValidGenericTld} - validates generic TLDs
+ *         (<code>.com, .org</code>, etc.)</li>
+ *     <li>{@link #isValidCountryCodeTld} - validates country code TLDs
+ *         (<code>.us, .uk, .cn</code>, etc.)</li>
+ *   </ul>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * (<b>NOTE</b>: This class does not provide IP address lookup for domain names or
+ * methods to ensure that a given domain name matches a specific IP; see
+ * {@link java.net.InetAddress} for that functionality.)
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @version $Revision$
+ * @since Validator 1.4
+ */
+public class DomainValidator implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final int MAX_DOMAIN_LENGTH = 253;
+
+    private static final String[] EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY = new String[0];
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = -4407125112880174009L;
+
+    // Regular expression strings for hostnames (derived from RFC2396 and RFC 1123)
+
+    // RFC2396: domainlabel   = alphanum | alphanum *( alphanum | "-" ) alphanum
+    // Max 63 characters
+    private static final String DOMAIN_LABEL_REGEX = "\\p{Alnum}(?>[\\p{Alnum}-]{0,61}\\p{Alnum})?";
+
+    // RFC2396 toplabel = alpha | alpha *( alphanum | "-" ) alphanum
+    // Max 63 characters
+    private static final String TOP_LABEL_REGEX = "\\p{Alpha}(?>[\\p{Alnum}-]{0,61}\\p{Alnum})?";
+
+    // RFC2396 hostname = *( domainlabel "." ) toplabel [ "." ]
+    // Note that the regex currently requires both a domain label and a top level label, whereas
+    // the RFC does not. This is because the regex is used to detect if a TLD is present.
+    // If the match fails, input is checked against DOMAIN_LABEL_REGEX (hostnameRegex)
+    // RFC1123 sec 2.1 allows hostnames to start with a digit
+    private static final String DOMAIN_NAME_REGEX =
+            "^(?:" + DOMAIN_LABEL_REGEX + "\\.)+" + "(" + TOP_LABEL_REGEX + ")\\.?$";
+
+    private final boolean allowLocal;
+
+    /**
+     * Singleton instance of this validator, which
+     *  doesn't consider local addresses as valid.
+     */
+    private static final DomainValidator DOMAIN_VALIDATOR = new DomainValidator(false);
+
+    /**
+     * Singleton instance of this validator, which does
+     *  consider local addresses valid.
+     */
+    private static final DomainValidator DOMAIN_VALIDATOR_WITH_LOCAL = new DomainValidator(true);
+
+    /**
+     * RegexValidator for matching domains.
+     */
+    private final RegexValidator domainRegex =
+            new RegexValidator(DOMAIN_NAME_REGEX);
+    /**
+     * RegexValidator for matching a local hostname
+     */
+    // RFC1123 sec 2.1 allows hostnames to start with a digit
+    private final RegexValidator hostnameRegex =
+            new RegexValidator(DOMAIN_LABEL_REGEX);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the singleton instance of this validator. It
+     *  will not consider local addresses as valid.
+     * @return the singleton instance of this validator
+     */
+    public static synchronized DomainValidator getInstance() {
+        inUse = true;
+        return DOMAIN_VALIDATOR;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the singleton instance of this validator,
+     *  with local validation as required.
+     * @param allowLocal Should local addresses be considered valid?
+     * @return the singleton instance of this validator
+     */
+    public static synchronized DomainValidator getInstance(boolean allowLocal) {
+        inUse = true;
+        if(allowLocal) {
+            return DOMAIN_VALIDATOR_WITH_LOCAL;
+        }
+        return DOMAIN_VALIDATOR;
+    }
+
+    /** Private constructor. */
+    private DomainValidator(boolean allowLocal) {
+        this.allowLocal = allowLocal;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> parses
+     * as a valid domain name with a recognized top-level domain.
+     * The parsing is case-insensitive.
+     * @param domain the parameter to check for domain name syntax
+     * @return true if the parameter is a valid domain name
+     */
+    public boolean isValid(String domain) {
+        if (domain == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        domain = unicodeToASCII(domain);
+        // hosts must be equally reachable via punycode and Unicode;
+        // Unicode is never shorter than punycode, so check punycode
+        // if domain did not convert, then it will be caught by ASCII
+        // checks in the regexes below
+        if (domain.length() > MAX_DOMAIN_LENGTH) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        String[] groups = domainRegex.match(domain);
+        if (groups != null && groups.length > 0) {
+            return isValidTld(groups[0]);
+        }
+        return allowLocal && hostnameRegex.isValid(domain);
+    }
+
+    // package protected for unit test access
+    // must agree with isValid() above
+    final boolean isValidDomainSyntax(String domain) {
+        if (domain == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        domain = unicodeToASCII(domain);
+        // hosts must be equally reachable via punycode and Unicode;
+        // Unicode is never shorter than punycode, so check punycode
+        // if domain did not convert, then it will be caught by ASCII
+        // checks in the regexes below
+        if (domain.length() > MAX_DOMAIN_LENGTH) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        String[] groups = domainRegex.match(domain);
+        return (groups != null && groups.length > 0)
+                || hostnameRegex.isValid(domain);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> matches any
+     * IANA-defined top-level domain. Leading dots are ignored if present.
+     * The search is case-insensitive.
+     * @param tld the parameter to check for TLD status, not null
+     * @return true if the parameter is a TLD
+     */
+    public boolean isValidTld(String tld) {
+        tld = unicodeToASCII(tld);
+        if(allowLocal && isValidLocalTld(tld)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return isValidInfrastructureTld(tld)
+                || isValidGenericTld(tld)
+                || isValidCountryCodeTld(tld);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> matches any
+     * IANA-defined infrastructure top-level domain. Leading dots are
+     * ignored if present. The search is case-insensitive.
+     * @param iTld the parameter to check for infrastructure TLD status, not null
+     * @return true if the parameter is an infrastructure TLD
+     */
+    public boolean isValidInfrastructureTld(String iTld) {
+        final String key = chompLeadingDot(unicodeToASCII(iTld).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH));
+        return arrayContains(INFRASTRUCTURE_TLDS, key);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> matches any
+     * IANA-defined generic top-level domain. Leading dots are ignored
+     * if present. The search is case-insensitive.
+     * @param gTld the parameter to check for generic TLD status, not null
+     * @return true if the parameter is a generic TLD
+     */
+    public boolean isValidGenericTld(String gTld) {
+        final String key = chompLeadingDot(unicodeToASCII(gTld).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH));
+        return (arrayContains(GENERIC_TLDS, key) || arrayContains(genericTLDsPlus, key))
+                && !arrayContains(genericTLDsMinus, key);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> matches any
+     * IANA-defined country code top-level domain. Leading dots are
+     * ignored if present. The search is case-insensitive.
+     * @param ccTld the parameter to check for country code TLD status, not null
+     * @return true if the parameter is a country code TLD
+     */
+    public boolean isValidCountryCodeTld(String ccTld) {
+        final String key = chompLeadingDot(unicodeToASCII(ccTld).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH));
+        return (arrayContains(COUNTRY_CODE_TLDS, key) || arrayContains(countryCodeTLDsPlus, key))
+                && !arrayContains(countryCodeTLDsMinus, key);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> matches any
+     * widely used "local" domains (localhost or localdomain). Leading dots are
+     * ignored if present. The search is case-insensitive.
+     * @param lTld the parameter to check for local TLD status, not null
+     * @return true if the parameter is an local TLD
+     */
+    public boolean isValidLocalTld(String lTld) {
+        final String key = chompLeadingDot(unicodeToASCII(lTld).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH));
+        return arrayContains(LOCAL_TLDS, key);
+    }
+
+    private String chompLeadingDot(String str) {
+        if (str.startsWith(".")) {
+            return str.substring(1);
+        }
+        return str;
+    }
+
+    // ---------------------------------------------
+    // ----- TLDs defined by IANA
+    // ----- Authoritative and comprehensive list at:
+    // ----- http://data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt
+
+    // Note that the above list is in UPPER case.
+    // The code currently converts strings to lower case (as per the tables below)
+
+    // IANA also provide an HTML list at http://www.iana.org/domains/root/db
+    // Note that this contains several country code entries which are NOT in
+    // the text file. These all have the "Not assigned" in the "Sponsoring Organisation" column
+    // For example (as of 2015-01-02):
+    // .bl  country-code    Not assigned
+    // .um  country-code    Not assigned
+
+    // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search
+    private static final String[] INFRASTRUCTURE_TLDS = new String[] {
+        "arpa",               // internet infrastructure
+    };
+
+    // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search
+    private static final String[] GENERIC_TLDS = new String[] {
+        // Taken from Version 2017020400, Last Updated Sat Feb  4 07:07:01 2017 UTC
+        "aaa", // aaa American Automobile Association, Inc.
+        "aarp", // aarp AARP
+        "abarth", // abarth Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V.
+        "abb", // abb ABB Ltd
+        "abbott", // abbott Abbott Laboratories, Inc.
+        "abbvie", // abbvie AbbVie Inc.
+        "abc", // abc Disney Enterprises, Inc.
+        "able", // able Able Inc.
+        "abogado", // abogado Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "abudhabi", // abudhabi Abu Dhabi Systems and Information Centre
+        "academy", // academy Half Oaks, LLC
+        "accenture", // accenture Accenture plc
+        "accountant", // accountant dot Accountant Limited
+        "accountants", // accountants Knob Town, LLC
+        "aco", // aco ACO Severin Ahlmann GmbH &amp; Co. KG
+        "active", // active The Active Network, Inc
+        "actor", // actor United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "adac", // adac Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil-Club e.V. (ADAC)
+        "ads", // ads Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "adult", // adult ICM Registry AD LLC
+        "aeg", // aeg Aktiebolaget Electrolux
+        "aero", // aero Societe Internationale de Telecommunications Aeronautique (SITA INC USA)
+        "aetna", // aetna Aetna Life Insurance Company
+        "afamilycompany", // afamilycompany Johnson Shareholdings, Inc.
+        "afl", // afl Australian Football League
+        "agakhan", // agakhan Fondation Aga Khan (Aga Khan Foundation)
+        "agency", // agency Steel Falls, LLC
+        "aig", // aig American International Group, Inc.
+        "aigo", // aigo aigo Digital Technology Co,Ltd.
+        "airbus", // airbus Airbus S.A.S.
+        "airforce", // airforce United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "airtel", // airtel Bharti Airtel Limited
+        "akdn", // akdn Fondation Aga Khan (Aga Khan Foundation)
+        "alfaromeo", // alfaromeo Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V.
+        "alibaba", // alibaba Alibaba Group Holding Limited
+        "alipay", // alipay Alibaba Group Holding Limited
+        "allfinanz", // allfinanz Allfinanz Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft
+        "allstate", // allstate Allstate Fire and Casualty Insurance Company
+        "ally", // ally Ally Financial Inc.
+        "alsace", // alsace REGION D ALSACE
+        "alstom", // alstom ALSTOM
+        "americanexpress", // americanexpress American Express Travel Related Services Company, Inc.
+        "americanfamily", // americanfamily AmFam, Inc.
+        "amex", // amex American Express Travel Related Services Company, Inc.
+        "amfam", // amfam AmFam, Inc.
+        "amica", // amica Amica Mutual Insurance Company
+        "amsterdam", // amsterdam Gemeente Amsterdam
+        "analytics", // analytics Campus IP LLC
+        "android", // android Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "anquan", // anquan QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD.
+        "anz", // anz Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited
+        "aol", // aol AOL Inc.
+        "apartments", // apartments June Maple, LLC
+        "app", // app Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "apple", // apple Apple Inc.
+        "aquarelle", // aquarelle Aquarelle.com
+        "aramco", // aramco Aramco Services Company
+        "archi", // archi STARTING DOT LIMITED
+        "army", // army United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "art", // art UK Creative Ideas Limited
+        "arte", // arte Association Relative à la Télévision Européenne G.E.I.E.
+        "asda", // asda Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.
+        "asia", // asia DotAsia Organisation Ltd.
+        "associates", // associates Baxter Hill, LLC
+        "athleta", // athleta The Gap, Inc.
+        "attorney", // attorney United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+        "auction", // auction United TLD HoldCo, Ltd.
+        "audi", // audi AUDI Aktiengesellschaft
+        "audible", // audible Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "audio", // audio Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "auspost", // auspost Australian Postal Corporation
+        "author", // author Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "auto", // auto Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "autos", // autos DERAutos, LLC
+        "avianca", // avianca Aerovias del Continente Americano S.A. Avianca
+        "aws", // aws Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "axa", // axa AXA SA
+        "azure", // azure Microsoft Corporation
+        "baby", // baby Johnson &amp; Johnson Services, Inc.
+        "baidu", // baidu Baidu, Inc.
+        "banamex", // banamex Citigroup Inc.
+        "bananarepublic", // bananarepublic The Gap, Inc.
+        "band", // band United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+        "bank", // bank fTLD Registry Services, LLC
+        "bar", // bar Punto 2012 Sociedad Anonima Promotora de Inversion de Capital Variable
+        "barcelona", // barcelona Municipi de Barcelona
+        "barclaycard", // barclaycard Barclays Bank PLC
+        "barclays", // barclays Barclays Bank PLC
+        "barefoot", // barefoot Gallo Vineyards, Inc.
+        "bargains", // bargains Half Hallow, LLC
+        "baseball", // baseball MLB Advanced Media DH, LLC
+        "basketball", // basketball Fédération Internationale de Basketball (FIBA)
+        "bauhaus", // bauhaus Werkhaus GmbH
+        "bayern", // bayern Bayern Connect GmbH
+        "bbc", // bbc British Broadcasting Corporation
+        "bbt", // bbt BB&amp;T Corporation
+        "bbva", // bbva BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA, S.A.
+        "bcg", // bcg The Boston Consulting Group, Inc.
+        "bcn", // bcn Municipi de Barcelona
+        "beats", // beats Beats Electronics, LLC
+        "beauty", // beauty L&#39;Oréal
+        "beer", // beer Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "bentley", // bentley Bentley Motors Limited
+        "berlin", // berlin dotBERLIN GmbH &amp; Co. KG
+        "best", // best BestTLD Pty Ltd
+        "bestbuy", // bestbuy BBY Solutions, Inc.
+        "bet", // bet Afilias plc
+        "bharti", // bharti Bharti Enterprises (Holding) Private Limited
+        "bible", // bible American Bible Society
+        "bid", // bid dot Bid Limited
+        "bike", // bike Grand Hollow, LLC
+        "bing", // bing Microsoft Corporation
+        "bingo", // bingo Sand Cedar, LLC
+        "bio", // bio STARTING DOT LIMITED
+        "biz", // biz Neustar, Inc.
+        "black", // black Afilias Limited
+        "blackfriday", // blackfriday Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "blanco", // blanco BLANCO GmbH + Co KG
+        "blockbuster", // blockbuster Dish DBS Corporation
+        "blog", // blog Knock Knock WHOIS There, LLC
+        "bloomberg", // bloomberg Bloomberg IP Holdings LLC
+        "blue", // blue Afilias Limited
+        "bms", // bms Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
+        "bmw", // bmw Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
+        "bnl", // bnl Banca Nazionale del Lavoro
+        "bnpparibas", // bnpparibas BNP Paribas
+        "boats", // boats DERBoats, LLC
+        "boehringer", // boehringer Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH
+        "bofa", // bofa NMS Services, Inc.
+        "bom", // bom Núcleo de Informação e Coordenação do Ponto BR - NIC.br
+        "bond", // bond Bond University Limited
+        "boo", // boo Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "book", // book Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "booking", // booking Booking.com B.V.
+        "boots", // boots THE BOOTS COMPANY PLC
+        "bosch", // bosch Robert Bosch GMBH
+        "bostik", // bostik Bostik SA
+        "boston", // boston Boston TLD Management, LLC
+        "bot", // bot Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "boutique", // boutique Over Galley, LLC
+        "box", // box NS1 Limited
+        "bradesco", // bradesco Banco Bradesco S.A.
+        "bridgestone", // bridgestone Bridgestone Corporation
+        "broadway", // broadway Celebrate Broadway, Inc.
+        "broker", // broker DOTBROKER REGISTRY LTD
+        "brother", // brother Brother Industries, Ltd.
+        "brussels", // brussels DNS.be vzw
+        "budapest", // budapest Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "bugatti", // bugatti Bugatti International SA
+        "build", // build Plan Bee LLC
+        "builders", // builders Atomic Madison, LLC
+        "business", // business Spring Cross, LLC
+        "buy", // buy Amazon Registry Services, INC
+        "buzz", // buzz DOTSTRATEGY CO.
+        "bzh", // bzh Association www.bzh
+        "cab", // cab Half Sunset, LLC
+        "cafe", // cafe Pioneer Canyon, LLC
+        "cal", // cal Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "call", // call Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "calvinklein", // calvinklein PVH gTLD Holdings LLC
+        "cam", // cam AC Webconnecting Holding B.V.
+        "camera", // camera Atomic Maple, LLC
+        "camp", // camp Delta Dynamite, LLC
+        "cancerresearch", // cancerresearch Australian Cancer Research Foundation
+        "canon", // canon Canon Inc.
+        "capetown", // capetown ZA Central Registry NPC trading as ZA Central Registry
+        "capital", // capital Delta Mill, LLC
+        "capitalone", // capitalone Capital One Financial Corporation
+        "car", // car Cars Registry Limited
+        "caravan", // caravan Caravan International, Inc.
+        "cards", // cards Foggy Hollow, LLC
+        "care", // care Goose Cross, LLC
+        "career", // career dotCareer LLC
+        "careers", // careers Wild Corner, LLC
+        "cars", // cars Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "cartier", // cartier Richemont DNS Inc.
+        "casa", // casa Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "case", // case CNH Industrial N.V.
+        "caseih", // caseih CNH Industrial N.V.
+        "cash", // cash Delta Lake, LLC
+        "casino", // casino Binky Sky, LLC
+        "cat", // cat Fundacio puntCAT
+        "catering", // catering New Falls. LLC
+        "catholic", // catholic Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (PCCS) (Pontifical Council for Social Communication)
+        "cba", // cba COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA
+        "cbn", // cbn The Christian Broadcasting Network, Inc.
+        "cbre", // cbre CBRE, Inc.
+        "cbs", // cbs CBS Domains Inc.
+        "ceb", // ceb The Corporate Executive Board Company
+        "center", // center Tin Mill, LLC
+        "ceo", // ceo CEOTLD Pty Ltd
+        "cern", // cern European Organization for Nuclear Research (&quot;CERN&quot;)
+        "cfa", // cfa CFA Institute
+        "cfd", // cfd DOTCFD REGISTRY LTD
+        "chanel", // chanel Chanel International B.V.
+        "channel", // channel Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "chase", // chase JPMorgan Chase &amp; Co.
+        "chat", // chat Sand Fields, LLC
+        "cheap", // cheap Sand Cover, LLC
+        "chintai", // chintai CHINTAI Corporation
+        "chloe", // chloe Richemont DNS Inc.
+        "christmas", // christmas Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "chrome", // chrome Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "chrysler", // chrysler FCA US LLC.
+        "church", // church Holly Fileds, LLC
+        "cipriani", // cipriani Hotel Cipriani Srl
+        "circle", // circle Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "cisco", // cisco Cisco Technology, Inc.
+        "citadel", // citadel Citadel Domain LLC
+        "citi", // citi Citigroup Inc.
+        "citic", // citic CITIC Group Corporation
+        "city", // city Snow Sky, LLC
+        "cityeats", // cityeats Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc.
+        "claims", // claims Black Corner, LLC
+        "cleaning", // cleaning Fox Shadow, LLC
+        "click", // click Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "clinic", // clinic Goose Park, LLC
+        "clinique", // clinique The Estée Lauder Companies Inc.
+        "clothing", // clothing Steel Lake, LLC
+        "cloud", // cloud ARUBA S.p.A.
+        "club", // club .CLUB DOMAINS, LLC
+        "clubmed", // clubmed Club Méditerranée S.A.
+        "coach", // coach Koko Island, LLC
+        "codes", // codes Puff Willow, LLC
+        "coffee", // coffee Trixy Cover, LLC
+        "college", // college XYZ.COM LLC
+        "cologne", // cologne NetCologne Gesellschaft für Telekommunikation mbH
+        "com", // com VeriSign Global Registry Services
+        "comcast", // comcast Comcast IP Holdings I, LLC
+        "commbank", // commbank COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA
+        "community", // community Fox Orchard, LLC
+        "company", // company Silver Avenue, LLC
+        "compare", // compare iSelect Ltd
+        "computer", // computer Pine Mill, LLC
+        "comsec", // comsec VeriSign, Inc.
+        "condos", // condos Pine House, LLC
+        "construction", // construction Fox Dynamite, LLC
+        "consulting", // consulting United TLD Holdco, LTD.
+        "contact", // contact Top Level Spectrum, Inc.
+        "contractors", // contractors Magic Woods, LLC
+        "cooking", // cooking Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "cookingchannel", // cookingchannel Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc.
+        "cool", // cool Koko Lake, LLC
+        "coop", // coop DotCooperation LLC
+        "corsica", // corsica Collectivité Territoriale de Corse
+        "country", // country Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "coupon", // coupon Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "coupons", // coupons Black Island, LLC
+        "courses", // courses OPEN UNIVERSITIES AUSTRALIA PTY LTD
+        "credit", // credit Snow Shadow, LLC
+        "creditcard", // creditcard Binky Frostbite, LLC
+        "creditunion", // creditunion CUNA Performance Resources, LLC
+        "cricket", // cricket dot Cricket Limited
+        "crown", // crown Crown Equipment Corporation
+        "crs", // crs Federated Co-operatives Limited
+        "cruise", // cruise Viking River Cruises (Bermuda) Ltd.
+        "cruises", // cruises Spring Way, LLC
+        "csc", // csc Alliance-One Services, Inc.
+        "cuisinella", // cuisinella SALM S.A.S.
+        "cymru", // cymru Nominet UK
+        "cyou", // cyou Beijing Gamease Age Digital Technology Co., Ltd.
+        "dabur", // dabur Dabur India Limited
+        "dad", // dad Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "dance", // dance United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "data", // data Dish DBS Corporation
+        "date", // date dot Date Limited
+        "dating", // dating Pine Fest, LLC
+        "datsun", // datsun NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.
+        "day", // day Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "dclk", // dclk Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "dds", // dds Minds + Machines Group Limited
+        "deal", // deal Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "dealer", // dealer Dealer Dot Com, Inc.
+        "deals", // deals Sand Sunset, LLC
+        "degree", // degree United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+        "delivery", // delivery Steel Station, LLC
+        "dell", // dell Dell Inc.
+        "deloitte", // deloitte Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
+        "delta", // delta Delta Air Lines, Inc.
+        "democrat", // democrat United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "dental", // dental Tin Birch, LLC
+        "dentist", // dentist United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+        "desi", // desi Desi Networks LLC
+        "design", // design Top Level Design, LLC
+        "dev", // dev Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "dhl", // dhl Deutsche Post AG
+        "diamonds", // diamonds John Edge, LLC
+        "diet", // diet Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "digital", // digital Dash Park, LLC
+        "direct", // direct Half Trail, LLC
+        "directory", // directory Extra Madison, LLC
+        "discount", // discount Holly Hill, LLC
+        "discover", // discover Discover Financial Services
+        "dish", // dish Dish DBS Corporation
+        "diy", // diy Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc.
+        "dnp", // dnp Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd.
+        "docs", // docs Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "doctor", // doctor Brice Trail, LLC
+        "dodge", // dodge FCA US LLC.
+        "dog", // dog Koko Mill, LLC
+        "doha", // doha Communications Regulatory Authority (CRA)
+        "domains", // domains Sugar Cross, LLC
+//            "doosan", // doosan Doosan Corporation (retired)
+        "dot", // dot Dish DBS Corporation
+        "download", // download dot Support Limited
+        "drive", // drive Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "dtv", // dtv Dish DBS Corporation
+        "dubai", // dubai Dubai Smart Government Department
+        "duck", // duck Johnson Shareholdings, Inc.
+        "dunlop", // dunlop The Goodyear Tire &amp; Rubber Company
+        "duns", // duns The Dun &amp; Bradstreet Corporation
+        "dupont", // dupont E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
+        "durban", // durban ZA Central Registry NPC trading as ZA Central Registry
+        "dvag", // dvag Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG
+        "dvr", // dvr Hughes Satellite Systems Corporation
+        "earth", // earth Interlink Co., Ltd.
+        "eat", // eat Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "eco", // eco Big Room Inc.
+        "edeka", // edeka EDEKA Verband kaufmännischer Genossenschaften e.V.
+        "edu", // edu EDUCAUSE
+        "education", // education Brice Way, LLC
+        "email", // email Spring Madison, LLC
+        "emerck", // emerck Merck KGaA
+        "energy", // energy Binky Birch, LLC
+        "engineer", // engineer United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "engineering", // engineering Romeo Canyon
+        "enterprises", // enterprises Snow Oaks, LLC
+        "epost", // epost Deutsche Post AG
+        "epson", // epson Seiko Epson Corporation
+        "equipment", // equipment Corn Station, LLC
+        "ericsson", // ericsson Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson
+        "erni", // erni ERNI Group Holding AG
+        "esq", // esq Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "estate", // estate Trixy Park, LLC
+        "esurance", // esurance Esurance Insurance Company
+        "eurovision", // eurovision European Broadcasting Union (EBU)
+        "eus", // eus Puntueus Fundazioa
+        "events", // events Pioneer Maple, LLC
+        "everbank", // everbank EverBank
+        "exchange", // exchange Spring Falls, LLC
+        "expert", // expert Magic Pass, LLC
+        "exposed", // exposed Victor Beach, LLC
+        "express", // express Sea Sunset, LLC
+        "extraspace", // extraspace Extra Space Storage LLC
+        "fage", // fage Fage International S.A.
+        "fail", // fail Atomic Pipe, LLC
+        "fairwinds", // fairwinds FairWinds Partners, LLC
+        "faith", // faith dot Faith Limited
+        "family", // family United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "fan", // fan Asiamix Digital Ltd
+        "fans", // fans Asiamix Digital Limited
+        "farm", // farm Just Maple, LLC
+        "farmers", // farmers Farmers Insurance Exchange
+        "fashion", // fashion Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "fast", // fast Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "fedex", // fedex Federal Express Corporation
+        "feedback", // feedback Top Level Spectrum, Inc.
+        "ferrari", // ferrari Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V.
+        "ferrero", // ferrero Ferrero Trading Lux S.A.
+        "fiat", // fiat Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V.
+        "fidelity", // fidelity Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC
+        "fido", // fido Rogers Communications Canada Inc.
+        "film", // film Motion Picture Domain Registry Pty Ltd
+        "final", // final Núcleo de Informação e Coordenação do Ponto BR - NIC.br
+        "finance", // finance Cotton Cypress, LLC
+        "financial", // financial Just Cover, LLC
+        "fire", // fire Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "firestone", // firestone Bridgestone Corporation
+        "firmdale", // firmdale Firmdale Holdings Limited
+        "fish", // fish Fox Woods, LLC
+        "fishing", // fishing Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "fit", // fit Minds + Machines Group Limited
+        "fitness", // fitness Brice Orchard, LLC
+        "flickr", // flickr Yahoo! Domain Services Inc.
+        "flights", // flights Fox Station, LLC
+        "flir", // flir FLIR Systems, Inc.
+        "florist", // florist Half Cypress, LLC
+        "flowers", // flowers Uniregistry, Corp.
+//        "flsmidth", // flsmidth FLSmidth A/S retired 2016-07-22
+        "fly", // fly Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "foo", // foo Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "food", // food Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc.
+        "foodnetwork", // foodnetwork Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc.
+        "football", // football Foggy Farms, LLC
+        "ford", // ford Ford Motor Company
+        "forex", // forex DOTFOREX REGISTRY LTD
+        "forsale", // forsale United TLD Holdco, LLC
+        "forum", // forum Fegistry, LLC
+        "foundation", // foundation John Dale, LLC
+        "fox", // fox FOX Registry, LLC
+        "free", // free Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "fresenius", // fresenius Fresenius Immobilien-Verwaltungs-GmbH
+        "frl", // frl FRLregistry B.V.
+        "frogans", // frogans OP3FT
+        "frontdoor", // frontdoor Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc.
+        "frontier", // frontier Frontier Communications Corporation
+        "ftr", // ftr Frontier Communications Corporation
+        "fujitsu", // fujitsu Fujitsu Limited
+        "fujixerox", // fujixerox Xerox DNHC LLC
+        "fun", // fun DotSpace, Inc.
+        "fund", // fund John Castle, LLC
+        "furniture", // furniture Lone Fields, LLC
+        "futbol", // futbol United TLD Holdco, Ltd.
+        "fyi", // fyi Silver Tigers, LLC
+        "gal", // gal Asociación puntoGAL
+        "gallery", // gallery Sugar House, LLC
+        "gallo", // gallo Gallo Vineyards, Inc.
+        "gallup", // gallup Gallup, Inc.
+        "game", // game Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "games", // games United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "gap", // gap The Gap, Inc.
+        "garden", // garden Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "gbiz", // gbiz Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "gdn", // gdn Joint Stock Company "Navigation-information systems"
+        "gea", // gea GEA Group Aktiengesellschaft
+        "gent", // gent COMBELL GROUP NV/SA
+        "genting", // genting Resorts World Inc. Pte. Ltd.
+        "george", // george Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.
+        "ggee", // ggee GMO Internet, Inc.
+        "gift", // gift Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "gifts", // gifts Goose Sky, LLC
+        "gives", // gives United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "giving", // giving Giving Limited
+        "glade", // glade Johnson Shareholdings, Inc.
+        "glass", // glass Black Cover, LLC
+        "gle", // gle Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "global", // global Dot Global Domain Registry Limited
+        "globo", // globo Globo Comunicação e Participações S.A
+        "gmail", // gmail Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "gmbh", // gmbh Extra Dynamite, LLC
+        "gmo", // gmo GMO Internet, Inc.
+        "gmx", // gmx 1&amp;1 Mail &amp; Media GmbH
+        "godaddy", // godaddy Go Daddy East, LLC
+        "gold", // gold June Edge, LLC
+        "goldpoint", // goldpoint YODOBASHI CAMERA CO.,LTD.
+        "golf", // golf Lone Falls, LLC
+        "goo", // goo NTT Resonant Inc.
+        "goodhands", // goodhands Allstate Fire and Casualty Insurance Company
+        "goodyear", // goodyear The Goodyear Tire &amp; Rubber Company
+        "goog", // goog Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "google", // google Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "gop", // gop Republican State Leadership Committee, Inc.
+        "got", // got Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "gov", // gov General Services Administration Attn: QTDC, 2E08 (.gov Domain Registration)
+        "grainger", // grainger Grainger Registry Services, LLC
+        "graphics", // graphics Over Madison, LLC
+        "gratis", // gratis Pioneer Tigers, LLC
+        "green", // green Afilias Limited
+        "gripe", // gripe Corn Sunset, LLC
+        "group", // group Romeo Town, LLC
+        "guardian", // guardian The Guardian Life Insurance Company of America
+        "gucci", // gucci Guccio Gucci S.p.a.
+        "guge", // guge Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "guide", // guide Snow Moon, LLC
+        "guitars", // guitars Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "guru", // guru Pioneer Cypress, LLC
+        "hair", // hair L&#39;Oreal
+        "hamburg", // hamburg Hamburg Top-Level-Domain GmbH
+        "hangout", // hangout Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "haus", // haus United TLD Holdco, LTD.
+        "hbo", // hbo HBO Registry Services, Inc.
+        "hdfc", // hdfc HOUSING DEVELOPMENT FINANCE CORPORATION LIMITED
+        "hdfcbank", // hdfcbank HDFC Bank Limited
+        "health", // health DotHealth, LLC
+        "healthcare", // healthcare Silver Glen, LLC
+        "help", // help Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "helsinki", // helsinki City of Helsinki
+        "here", // here Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "hermes", // hermes Hermes International
+        "hgtv", // hgtv Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc.
+        "hiphop", // hiphop Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "hisamitsu", // hisamitsu Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co.,Inc.
+        "hitachi", // hitachi Hitachi, Ltd.
+        "hiv", // hiv dotHIV gemeinnuetziger e.V.
+        "hkt", // hkt PCCW-HKT DataCom Services Limited
+        "hockey", // hockey Half Willow, LLC
+        "holdings", // holdings John Madison, LLC
+        "holiday", // holiday Goose Woods, LLC
+        "homedepot", // homedepot Homer TLC, Inc.
+        "homegoods", // homegoods The TJX Companies, Inc.
+        "homes", // homes DERHomes, LLC
+        "homesense", // homesense The TJX Companies, Inc.
+        "honda", // honda Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
+        "honeywell", // honeywell Honeywell GTLD LLC
+        "horse", // horse Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "hospital", // hospital Ruby Pike, LLC
+        "host", // host DotHost Inc.
+        "hosting", // hosting Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "hot", // hot Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "hoteles", // hoteles Travel Reservations SRL
+        "hotmail", // hotmail Microsoft Corporation
+        "house", // house Sugar Park, LLC
+        "how", // how Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "hsbc", // hsbc HSBC Holdings PLC
+        "htc", // htc HTC corporation
+        "hughes", // hughes Hughes Satellite Systems Corporation
+        "hyatt", // hyatt Hyatt GTLD, L.L.C.
+        "hyundai", // hyundai Hyundai Motor Company
+        "ibm", // ibm International Business Machines Corporation
+        "icbc", // icbc Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited
+        "ice", // ice IntercontinentalExchange, Inc.
+        "icu", // icu One.com A/S
+        "ieee", // ieee IEEE Global LLC
+        "ifm", // ifm ifm electronic gmbh
+//        "iinet", // iinet Connect West Pty. Ltd. (Retired)
+        "ikano", // ikano Ikano S.A.
+        "imamat", // imamat Fondation Aga Khan (Aga Khan Foundation)
+        "imdb", // imdb Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "immo", // immo Auburn Bloom, LLC
+        "immobilien", // immobilien United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "industries", // industries Outer House, LLC
+        "infiniti", // infiniti NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.
+        "info", // info Afilias Limited
+        "ing", // ing Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "ink", // ink Top Level Design, LLC
+        "institute", // institute Outer Maple, LLC
+        "insurance", // insurance fTLD Registry Services LLC
+        "insure", // insure Pioneer Willow, LLC
+        "int", // int Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
+        "intel", // intel Intel Corporation
+        "international", // international Wild Way, LLC
+        "intuit", // intuit Intuit Administrative Services, Inc.
+        "investments", // investments Holly Glen, LLC
+        "ipiranga", // ipiranga Ipiranga Produtos de Petroleo S.A.
+        "irish", // irish Dot-Irish LLC
+        "iselect", // iselect iSelect Ltd
+        "ismaili", // ismaili Fondation Aga Khan (Aga Khan Foundation)
+        "ist", // ist Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality
+        "istanbul", // istanbul Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality / Medya A.S.
+        "itau", // itau Itau Unibanco Holding S.A.
+        "itv", // itv ITV Services Limited
+        "iveco", // iveco CNH Industrial N.V.
+        "iwc", // iwc Richemont DNS Inc.
+        "jaguar", // jaguar Jaguar Land Rover Ltd
+        "java", // java Oracle Corporation
+        "jcb", // jcb JCB Co., Ltd.
+        "jcp", // jcp JCP Media, Inc.
+        "jeep", // jeep FCA US LLC.
+        "jetzt", // jetzt New TLD Company AB
+        "jewelry", // jewelry Wild Bloom, LLC
+        "jio", // jio Affinity Names, Inc.
+        "jlc", // jlc Richemont DNS Inc.
+        "jll", // jll Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated
+        "jmp", // jmp Matrix IP LLC
+        "jnj", // jnj Johnson &amp; Johnson Services, Inc.
+        "jobs", // jobs Employ Media LLC
+        "joburg", // joburg ZA Central Registry NPC trading as ZA Central Registry
+        "jot", // jot Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "joy", // joy Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "jpmorgan", // jpmorgan JPMorgan Chase &amp; Co.
+        "jprs", // jprs Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd.
+        "juegos", // juegos Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "juniper", // juniper JUNIPER NETWORKS, INC.
+        "kaufen", // kaufen United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "kddi", // kddi KDDI CORPORATION
+        "kerryhotels", // kerryhotels Kerry Trading Co. Limited
+        "kerrylogistics", // kerrylogistics Kerry Trading Co. Limited
+        "kerryproperties", // kerryproperties Kerry Trading Co. Limited
+        "kfh", // kfh Kuwait Finance House
+        "kia", // kia KIA MOTORS CORPORATION
+        "kim", // kim Afilias Limited
+        "kinder", // kinder Ferrero Trading Lux S.A.
+        "kindle", // kindle Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "kitchen", // kitchen Just Goodbye, LLC
+        "kiwi", // kiwi DOT KIWI LIMITED
+        "koeln", // koeln NetCologne Gesellschaft für Telekommunikation mbH
+        "komatsu", // komatsu Komatsu Ltd.
+        "kosher", // kosher Kosher Marketing Assets LLC
+        "kpmg", // kpmg KPMG International Cooperative (KPMG International Genossenschaft)
+        "kpn", // kpn Koninklijke KPN N.V.
+        "krd", // krd KRG Department of Information Technology
+        "kred", // kred KredTLD Pty Ltd
+        "kuokgroup", // kuokgroup Kerry Trading Co. Limited
+        "kyoto", // kyoto Academic Institution: Kyoto Jyoho Gakuen
+        "lacaixa", // lacaixa CAIXA D&#39;ESTALVIS I PENSIONS DE BARCELONA
+        "ladbrokes", // ladbrokes LADBROKES INTERNATIONAL PLC
+        "lamborghini", // lamborghini Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A.
+        "lamer", // lamer The Estée Lauder Companies Inc.
+        "lancaster", // lancaster LANCASTER
+        "lancia", // lancia Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V.
+        "lancome", // lancome L&#39;Oréal
+        "land", // land Pine Moon, LLC
+        "landrover", // landrover Jaguar Land Rover Ltd
+        "lanxess", // lanxess LANXESS Corporation
+        "lasalle", // lasalle Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated
+        "lat", // lat ECOM-LAC Federación de Latinoamérica y el Caribe para Internet y el Comercio Electrónico
+        "latino", // latino Dish DBS Corporation
+        "latrobe", // latrobe La Trobe University
+        "law", // law Minds + Machines Group Limited
+        "lawyer", // lawyer United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+        "lds", // lds IRI Domain Management, LLC
+        "lease", // lease Victor Trail, LLC
+        "leclerc", // leclerc A.C.D. LEC Association des Centres Distributeurs Edouard Leclerc
+        "lefrak", // lefrak LeFrak Organization, Inc.
+        "legal", // legal Blue Falls, LLC
+        "lego", // lego LEGO Juris A/S
+        "lexus", // lexus TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
+        "lgbt", // lgbt Afilias Limited
+        "liaison", // liaison Liaison Technologies, Incorporated
+        "lidl", // lidl Schwarz Domains und Services GmbH &amp; Co. KG
+        "life", // life Trixy Oaks, LLC
+        "lifeinsurance", // lifeinsurance American Council of Life Insurers
+        "lifestyle", // lifestyle Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc.
+        "lighting", // lighting John McCook, LLC
+        "like", // like Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "lilly", // lilly Eli Lilly and Company
+        "limited", // limited Big Fest, LLC
+        "limo", // limo Hidden Frostbite, LLC
+        "lincoln", // lincoln Ford Motor Company
+        "linde", // linde Linde Aktiengesellschaft
+        "link", // link Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "lipsy", // lipsy Lipsy Ltd
+        "live", // live United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "living", // living Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc.
+        "lixil", // lixil LIXIL Group Corporation
+        "loan", // loan dot Loan Limited
+        "loans", // loans June Woods, LLC
+        "locker", // locker Dish DBS Corporation
+        "locus", // locus Locus Analytics LLC
+        "loft", // loft Annco, Inc.
+        "lol", // lol Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "london", // london Dot London Domains Limited
+        "lotte", // lotte Lotte Holdings Co., Ltd.
+        "lotto", // lotto Afilias Limited
+        "love", // love Merchant Law Group LLP
+        "lpl", // lpl LPL Holdings, Inc.
+        "lplfinancial", // lplfinancial LPL Holdings, Inc.
+        "ltd", // ltd Over Corner, LLC
+        "ltda", // ltda InterNetX Corp.
+        "lundbeck", // lundbeck H. Lundbeck A/S
+        "lupin", // lupin LUPIN LIMITED
+        "luxe", // luxe Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "luxury", // luxury Luxury Partners LLC
+        "macys", // macys Macys, Inc.
+        "madrid", // madrid Comunidad de Madrid
+        "maif", // maif Mutuelle Assurance Instituteur France (MAIF)
+        "maison", // maison Victor Frostbite, LLC
+        "makeup", // makeup L&#39;Oréal
+        "man", // man MAN SE
+        "management", // management John Goodbye, LLC
+        "mango", // mango PUNTO FA S.L.
+        "market", // market Unitied TLD Holdco, Ltd
+        "marketing", // marketing Fern Pass, LLC
+        "markets", // markets DOTMARKETS REGISTRY LTD
+        "marriott", // marriott Marriott Worldwide Corporation
+        "marshalls", // marshalls The TJX Companies, Inc.
+        "maserati", // maserati Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V.
+        "mattel", // mattel Mattel Sites, Inc.
+        "mba", // mba Lone Hollow, LLC
+        "mcd", // mcd McDonald’s Corporation
+        "mcdonalds", // mcdonalds McDonald’s Corporation
+        "mckinsey", // mckinsey McKinsey Holdings, Inc.
+        "med", // med Medistry LLC
+        "media", // media Grand Glen, LLC
+        "meet", // meet Afilias Limited
+        "melbourne", // melbourne The Crown in right of the State of Victoria, represented by its Department of State Development, Business and Innovation
+        "meme", // meme Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "memorial", // memorial Dog Beach, LLC
+        "men", // men Exclusive Registry Limited
+        "menu", // menu Wedding TLD2, LLC
+        "meo", // meo PT Comunicacoes S.A.
+        "metlife", // metlife MetLife Services and Solutions, LLC
+        "miami", // miami Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "microsoft", // microsoft Microsoft Corporation
+        "mil", // mil DoD Network Information Center
+        "mini", // mini Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
+        "mint", // mint Intuit Administrative Services, Inc.
+        "mit", // mit Massachusetts Institute of Technology
+        "mitsubishi", // mitsubishi Mitsubishi Corporation
+        "mlb", // mlb MLB Advanced Media DH, LLC
+        "mls", // mls The Canadian Real Estate Association
+        "mma", // mma MMA IARD
+        "mobi", // mobi Afilias Technologies Limited dba dotMobi
+        "mobile", // mobile Dish DBS Corporation
+        "mobily", // mobily GreenTech Consultancy Company W.L.L.
+        "moda", // moda United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "moe", // moe Interlink Co., Ltd.
+        "moi", // moi Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "mom", // mom Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "monash", // monash Monash University
+        "money", // money Outer McCook, LLC
+        "monster", // monster Monster Worldwide, Inc.
+        "montblanc", // montblanc Richemont DNS Inc.
+        "mopar", // mopar FCA US LLC.
+        "mormon", // mormon IRI Domain Management, LLC (&quot;Applicant&quot;)
+        "mortgage", // mortgage United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+        "moscow", // moscow Foundation for Assistance for Internet Technologies and Infrastructure Development (FAITID)
+        "moto", // moto Motorola Trademark Holdings, LLC
+        "motorcycles", // motorcycles DERMotorcycles, LLC
+        "mov", // mov Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "movie", // movie New Frostbite, LLC
+        "movistar", // movistar Telefónica S.A.
+        "msd", // msd MSD Registry Holdings, Inc.
+        "mtn", // mtn MTN Dubai Limited
+        "mtpc", // mtpc Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
+        "mtr", // mtr MTR Corporation Limited
+        "museum", // museum Museum Domain Management Association
+        "mutual", // mutual Northwestern Mutual MU TLD Registry, LLC
+//        "mutuelle", // mutuelle Fédération Nationale de la Mutualité Française (Retired)
+        "nab", // nab National Australia Bank Limited
+        "nadex", // nadex Nadex Domains, Inc
+        "nagoya", // nagoya GMO Registry, Inc.
+        "name", // name VeriSign Information Services, Inc.
+        "nationwide", // nationwide Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company
+        "natura", // natura NATURA COSMÉTICOS S.A.
+        "navy", // navy United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "nba", // nba NBA REGISTRY, LLC
+        "nec", // nec NEC Corporation
+        "net", // net VeriSign Global Registry Services
+        "netbank", // netbank COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA
+        "netflix", // netflix Netflix, Inc.
+        "network", // network Trixy Manor, LLC
+        "neustar", // neustar NeuStar, Inc.
+        "new", // new Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "newholland", // newholland CNH Industrial N.V.
+        "news", // news United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "next", // next Next plc
+        "nextdirect", // nextdirect Next plc
+        "nexus", // nexus Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "nfl", // nfl NFL Reg Ops LLC
+        "ngo", // ngo Public Interest Registry
+        "nhk", // nhk Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK)
+        "nico", // nico DWANGO Co., Ltd.
+        "nike", // nike NIKE, Inc.
+        "nikon", // nikon NIKON CORPORATION
+        "ninja", // ninja United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "nissan", // nissan NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD.
+        "nissay", // nissay Nippon Life Insurance Company
+        "nokia", // nokia Nokia Corporation
+        "northwesternmutual", // northwesternmutual Northwestern Mutual Registry, LLC
+        "norton", // norton Symantec Corporation
+        "now", // now Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "nowruz", // nowruz Asia Green IT System Bilgisayar San. ve Tic. Ltd. Sti.
+        "nowtv", // nowtv Starbucks (HK) Limited
+        "nra", // nra NRA Holdings Company, INC.
+        "nrw", // nrw Minds + Machines GmbH
+        "ntt", // ntt NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE CORPORATION
+        "nyc", // nyc The City of New York by and through the New York City Department of Information Technology &amp; Telecommunications
+        "obi", // obi OBI Group Holding SE &amp; Co. KGaA
+        "observer", // observer Top Level Spectrum, Inc.
+        "off", // off Johnson Shareholdings, Inc.
+        "office", // office Microsoft Corporation
+        "okinawa", // okinawa BusinessRalliart inc.
+        "olayan", // olayan Crescent Holding GmbH
+        "olayangroup", // olayangroup Crescent Holding GmbH
+        "oldnavy", // oldnavy The Gap, Inc.
+        "ollo", // ollo Dish DBS Corporation
+        "omega", // omega The Swatch Group Ltd
+        "one", // one One.com A/S
+        "ong", // ong Public Interest Registry
+        "onl", // onl I-REGISTRY Ltd., Niederlassung Deutschland
+        "online", // online DotOnline Inc.
+        "onyourside", // onyourside Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company
+        "ooo", // ooo INFIBEAM INCORPORATION LIMITED
+        "open", // open American Express Travel Related Services Company, Inc.
+        "oracle", // oracle Oracle Corporation
+        "orange", // orange Orange Brand Services Limited
+        "org", // org Public Interest Registry (PIR)
+        "organic", // organic Afilias Limited
+        "orientexpress", // orientexpress Orient Express
+        "origins", // origins The Estée Lauder Companies Inc.
+        "osaka", // osaka Interlink Co., Ltd.
+        "otsuka", // otsuka Otsuka Holdings Co., Ltd.
+        "ott", // ott Dish DBS Corporation
+        "ovh", // ovh OVH SAS
+        "page", // page Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "pamperedchef", // pamperedchef The Pampered Chef, Ltd.
+        "panasonic", // panasonic Panasonic Corporation
+        "panerai", // panerai Richemont DNS Inc.
+        "paris", // paris City of Paris
+        "pars", // pars Asia Green IT System Bilgisayar San. ve Tic. Ltd. Sti.
+        "partners", // partners Magic Glen, LLC
+        "parts", // parts Sea Goodbye, LLC
+        "party", // party Blue Sky Registry Limited
+        "passagens", // passagens Travel Reservations SRL
+        "pay", // pay Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "pccw", // pccw PCCW Enterprises Limited
+        "pet", // pet Afilias plc
+        "pfizer", // pfizer Pfizer Inc.
+        "pharmacy", // pharmacy National Association of Boards of Pharmacy
+        "philips", // philips Koninklijke Philips N.V.
+        "phone", // phone Dish DBS Corporation
+        "photo", // photo Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "photography", // photography Sugar Glen, LLC
+        "photos", // photos Sea Corner, LLC
+        "physio", // physio PhysBiz Pty Ltd
+        "piaget", // piaget Richemont DNS Inc.
+        "pics", // pics Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "pictet", // pictet Pictet Europe S.A.
+        "pictures", // pictures Foggy Sky, LLC
+        "pid", // pid Top Level Spectrum, Inc.
+        "pin", // pin Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "ping", // ping Ping Registry Provider, Inc.
+        "pink", // pink Afilias Limited
+        "pioneer", // pioneer Pioneer Corporation
+        "pizza", // pizza Foggy Moon, LLC
+        "place", // place Snow Galley, LLC
+        "play", // play Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "playstation", // playstation Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.
+        "plumbing", // plumbing Spring Tigers, LLC
+        "plus", // plus Sugar Mill, LLC
+        "pnc", // pnc PNC Domain Co., LLC
+        "pohl", // pohl Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG
+        "poker", // poker Afilias Domains No. 5 Limited
+        "politie", // politie Politie Nederland
+        "porn", // porn ICM Registry PN LLC
+        "post", // post Universal Postal Union
+        "pramerica", // pramerica Prudential Financial, Inc.
+        "praxi", // praxi Praxi S.p.A.
+        "press", // press DotPress Inc.
+        "prime", // prime Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "pro", // pro Registry Services Corporation dba RegistryPro
+        "prod", // prod Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "productions", // productions Magic Birch, LLC
+        "prof", // prof Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "progressive", // progressive Progressive Casualty Insurance Company
+        "promo", // promo Afilias plc
+        "properties", // properties Big Pass, LLC
+        "property", // property Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "protection", // protection XYZ.COM LLC
+        "pru", // pru Prudential Financial, Inc.
+        "prudential", // prudential Prudential Financial, Inc.
+        "pub", // pub United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "pwc", // pwc PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
+        "qpon", // qpon dotCOOL, Inc.
+        "quebec", // quebec PointQuébec Inc
+        "quest", // quest Quest ION Limited
+        "qvc", // qvc QVC, Inc.
+        "racing", // racing Premier Registry Limited
+        "radio", // radio European Broadcasting Union (EBU)
+        "raid", // raid Johnson Shareholdings, Inc.
+        "read", // read Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "realestate", // realestate dotRealEstate LLC
+        "realtor", // realtor Real Estate Domains LLC
+        "realty", // realty Fegistry, LLC
+        "recipes", // recipes Grand Island, LLC
+        "red", // red Afilias Limited
+        "redstone", // redstone Redstone Haute Couture Co., Ltd.
+        "redumbrella", // redumbrella Travelers TLD, LLC
+        "rehab", // rehab United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "reise", // reise Foggy Way, LLC
+        "reisen", // reisen New Cypress, LLC
+        "reit", // reit National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, Inc.
+        "reliance", // reliance Reliance Industries Limited
+        "ren", // ren Beijing Qianxiang Wangjing Technology Development Co., Ltd.
+        "rent", // rent XYZ.COM LLC
+        "rentals", // rentals Big Hollow,LLC
+        "repair", // repair Lone Sunset, LLC
+        "report", // report Binky Glen, LLC
+        "republican", // republican United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "rest", // rest Punto 2012 Sociedad Anonima Promotora de Inversion de Capital Variable
+        "restaurant", // restaurant Snow Avenue, LLC
+        "review", // review dot Review Limited
+        "reviews", // reviews United TLD Holdco, Ltd.
+        "rexroth", // rexroth Robert Bosch GMBH
+        "rich", // rich I-REGISTRY Ltd., Niederlassung Deutschland
+        "richardli", // richardli Pacific Century Asset Management (HK) Limited
+        "ricoh", // ricoh Ricoh Company, Ltd.
+        "rightathome", // rightathome Johnson Shareholdings, Inc.
+        "ril", // ril Reliance Industries Limited
+        "rio", // rio Empresa Municipal de Informática SA - IPLANRIO
+        "rip", // rip United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "rmit", // rmit Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology
+        "rocher", // rocher Ferrero Trading Lux S.A.
+        "rocks", // rocks United TLD Holdco, LTD.
+        "rodeo", // rodeo Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "rogers", // rogers Rogers Communications Canada Inc.
+        "room", // room Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "rsvp", // rsvp Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "ruhr", // ruhr regiodot GmbH &amp; Co. KG
+        "run", // run Snow Park, LLC
+        "rwe", // rwe RWE AG
+        "ryukyu", // ryukyu BusinessRalliart inc.
+        "saarland", // saarland dotSaarland GmbH
+        "safe", // safe Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "safety", // safety Safety Registry Services, LLC.
+        "sakura", // sakura SAKURA Internet Inc.
+        "sale", // sale United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+        "salon", // salon Outer Orchard, LLC
+        "samsclub", // samsclub Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.
+        "samsung", // samsung SAMSUNG SDS CO., LTD
+        "sandvik", // sandvik Sandvik AB
+        "sandvikcoromant", // sandvikcoromant Sandvik AB
+        "sanofi", // sanofi Sanofi
+        "sap", // sap SAP AG
+        "sapo", // sapo PT Comunicacoes S.A.
+        "sarl", // sarl Delta Orchard, LLC
+        "sas", // sas Research IP LLC
+        "save", // save Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "saxo", // saxo Saxo Bank A/S
+        "sbi", // sbi STATE BANK OF INDIA
+        "sbs", // sbs SPECIAL BROADCASTING SERVICE CORPORATION
+        "sca", // sca SVENSKA CELLULOSA AKTIEBOLAGET SCA (publ)
+        "scb", // scb The Siam Commercial Bank Public Company Limited (&quot;SCB&quot;)
+        "schaeffler", // schaeffler Schaeffler Technologies AG &amp; Co. KG
+        "schmidt", // schmidt SALM S.A.S.
+        "scholarships", // scholarships Scholarships.com, LLC
+        "school", // school Little Galley, LLC
+        "schule", // schule Outer Moon, LLC
+        "schwarz", // schwarz Schwarz Domains und Services GmbH &amp; Co. KG
+        "science", // science dot Science Limited
+        "scjohnson", // scjohnson Johnson Shareholdings, Inc.
+        "scor", // scor SCOR SE
+        "scot", // scot Dot Scot Registry Limited
+        "seat", // seat SEAT, S.A. (Sociedad Unipersonal)
+        "secure", // secure Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "security", // security XYZ.COM LLC
+        "seek", // seek Seek Limited
+        "select", // select iSelect Ltd
+        "sener", // sener Sener Ingeniería y Sistemas, S.A.
+        "services", // services Fox Castle, LLC
+        "ses", // ses SES
+        "seven", // seven Seven West Media Ltd
+        "sew", // sew SEW-EURODRIVE GmbH &amp; Co KG
+        "sex", // sex ICM Registry SX LLC
+        "sexy", // sexy Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "sfr", // sfr Societe Francaise du Radiotelephone - SFR
+        "shangrila", // shangrila Shangri‐La International Hotel Management Limited
+        "sharp", // sharp Sharp Corporation
+        "shaw", // shaw Shaw Cablesystems G.P.
+        "shell", // shell Shell Information Technology International Inc
+        "shia", // shia Asia Green IT System Bilgisayar San. ve Tic. Ltd. Sti.
+        "shiksha", // shiksha Afilias Limited
+        "shoes", // shoes Binky Galley, LLC
+        "shop", // shop GMO Registry, Inc.
+        "shopping", // shopping Over Keep, LLC
+        "shouji", // shouji QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD.
+        "show", // show Snow Beach, LLC
+        "showtime", // showtime CBS Domains Inc.
+        "shriram", // shriram Shriram Capital Ltd.
+        "silk", // silk Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "sina", // sina Sina Corporation
+        "singles", // singles Fern Madison, LLC
+        "site", // site DotSite Inc.
+        "ski", // ski STARTING DOT LIMITED
+        "skin", // skin L&#39;Oréal
+        "sky", // sky Sky International AG
+        "skype", // skype Microsoft Corporation
+        "sling", // sling Hughes Satellite Systems Corporation
+        "smart", // smart Smart Communications, Inc. (SMART)
+        "smile", // smile Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "sncf", // sncf SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Francais)
+        "soccer", // soccer Foggy Shadow, LLC
+        "social", // social United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "softbank", // softbank SoftBank Group Corp.
+        "software", // software United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+        "sohu", // sohu Sohu.com Limited
+        "solar", // solar Ruby Town, LLC
+        "solutions", // solutions Silver Cover, LLC
+        "song", // song Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "sony", // sony Sony Corporation
+        "soy", // soy Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "space", // space DotSpace Inc.
+        "spiegel", // spiegel SPIEGEL-Verlag Rudolf Augstein GmbH &amp; Co. KG
+        "spot", // spot Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "spreadbetting", // spreadbetting DOTSPREADBETTING REGISTRY LTD
+        "srl", // srl InterNetX Corp.
+        "srt", // srt FCA US LLC.
+        "stada", // stada STADA Arzneimittel AG
+        "staples", // staples Staples, Inc.
+        "star", // star Star India Private Limited
+        "starhub", // starhub StarHub Limited
+        "statebank", // statebank STATE BANK OF INDIA
+        "statefarm", // statefarm State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company
+        "statoil", // statoil Statoil ASA
+        "stc", // stc Saudi Telecom Company
+        "stcgroup", // stcgroup Saudi Telecom Company
+        "stockholm", // stockholm Stockholms kommun
+        "storage", // storage Self Storage Company LLC
+        "store", // store DotStore Inc.
+        "stream", // stream dot Stream Limited
+        "studio", // studio United TLD Holdco Ltd.
+        "study", // study OPEN UNIVERSITIES AUSTRALIA PTY LTD
+        "style", // style Binky Moon, LLC
+        "sucks", // sucks Vox Populi Registry Ltd.
+        "supplies", // supplies Atomic Fields, LLC
+        "supply", // supply Half Falls, LLC
+        "support", // support Grand Orchard, LLC
+        "surf", // surf Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "surgery", // surgery Tin Avenue, LLC
+        "suzuki", // suzuki SUZUKI MOTOR CORPORATION
+        "swatch", // swatch The Swatch Group Ltd
+        "swiftcover", // swiftcover Swiftcover Insurance Services Limited
+        "swiss", // swiss Swiss Confederation
+        "sydney", // sydney State of New South Wales, Department of Premier and Cabinet
+        "symantec", // symantec Symantec Corporation
+        "systems", // systems Dash Cypress, LLC
+        "tab", // tab Tabcorp Holdings Limited
+        "taipei", // taipei Taipei City Government
+        "talk", // talk Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "taobao", // taobao Alibaba Group Holding Limited
+        "target", // target Target Domain Holdings, LLC
+        "tatamotors", // tatamotors Tata Motors Ltd
+        "tatar", // tatar Limited Liability Company &quot;Coordination Center of Regional Domain of Tatarstan Republic&quot;
+        "tattoo", // tattoo Uniregistry, Corp.
+        "tax", // tax Storm Orchard, LLC
+        "taxi", // taxi Pine Falls, LLC
+        "tci", // tci Asia Green IT System Bilgisayar San. ve Tic. Ltd. Sti.
+        "tdk", // tdk TDK Corporation
+        "team", // team Atomic Lake, LLC
+        "tech", // tech Dot Tech LLC
+        "technology", // technology Auburn Falls, LLC
+        "tel", // tel Telnic Ltd.
+        "telecity", // telecity TelecityGroup International Limited
+        "telefonica", // telefonica Telefónica S.A.
+        "temasek", // temasek Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited
+        "tennis", // tennis Cotton Bloom, LLC
+        "teva", // teva Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Limited
+        "thd", // thd Homer TLC, Inc.
+        "theater", // theater Blue Tigers, LLC
+        "theatre", // theatre XYZ.COM LLC
+        "tiaa", // tiaa Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America
+        "tickets", // tickets Accent Media Limited
+        "tienda", // tienda Victor Manor, LLC
+        "tiffany", // tiffany Tiffany and Company
+        "tips", // tips Corn Willow, LLC
+        "tires", // tires Dog Edge, LLC
+        "tirol", // tirol punkt Tirol GmbH
+        "tjmaxx", // tjmaxx The TJX Companies, Inc.
+        "tjx", // tjx The TJX Companies, Inc.
+        "tkmaxx", // tkmaxx The TJX Companies, Inc.
+        "tmall", // tmall Alibaba Group Holding Limited
+        "today", // today Pearl Woods, LLC
+        "tokyo", // tokyo GMO Registry, Inc.
+        "tools", // tools Pioneer North, LLC
+        "top", // top Jiangsu Bangning Science &amp; Technology Co.,Ltd.
+        "toray", // toray Toray Industries, Inc.
+        "toshiba", // toshiba TOSHIBA Corporation
+        "total", // total Total SA
+        "tours", // tours Sugar Station, LLC
+        "town", // town Koko Moon, LLC
+        "toyota", // toyota TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
+        "toys", // toys Pioneer Orchard, LLC
+        "trade", // trade Elite Registry Limited
+        "trading", // trading DOTTRADING REGISTRY LTD
+        "training", // training Wild Willow, LLC
+        "travel", // travel Tralliance Registry Management Company, LLC.
+        "travelchannel", // travelchannel Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc.
+        "travelers", // travelers Travelers TLD, LLC
+        "travelersinsurance", // travelersinsurance Travelers TLD, LLC
+        "trust", // trust Artemis Internet Inc
+        "trv", // trv Travelers TLD, LLC
+        "tube", // tube Latin American Telecom LLC
+        "tui", // tui TUI AG
+        "tunes", // tunes Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "tushu", // tushu Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "tvs", // tvs T V SUNDRAM IYENGAR  &amp; SONS PRIVATE LIMITED
+        "ubank", // ubank National Australia Bank Limited
+        "ubs", // ubs UBS AG
+        "uconnect", // uconnect FCA US LLC.
+        "unicom", // unicom China United Network Communications Corporation Limited
+        "university", // university Little Station, LLC
+        "uno", // uno Dot Latin LLC
+        "uol", // uol UBN INTERNET LTDA.
+        "ups", // ups UPS Market Driver, Inc.
+        "vacations", // vacations Atomic Tigers, LLC
+        "vana", // vana Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc.
+        "vanguard", // vanguard The Vanguard Group, Inc.
+        "vegas", // vegas Dot Vegas, Inc.
+        "ventures", // ventures Binky Lake, LLC
+        "verisign", // verisign VeriSign, Inc.
+        "versicherung", // versicherung dotversicherung-registry GmbH
+        "vet", // vet United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+        "viajes", // viajes Black Madison, LLC
+        "video", // video United TLD Holdco, Ltd
+        "vig", // vig VIENNA INSURANCE GROUP AG Wiener Versicherung Gruppe
+        "viking", // viking Viking River Cruises (Bermuda) Ltd.
+        "villas", // villas New Sky, LLC
+        "vin", // vin Holly Shadow, LLC
+        "vip", // vip Minds + Machines Group Limited
+        "virgin", // virgin Virgin Enterprises Limited
+        "visa", // visa Visa Worldwide Pte. Limited
+        "vision", // vision Koko Station, LLC
+        "vista", // vista Vistaprint Limited
+        "vistaprint", // vistaprint Vistaprint Limited
+        "viva", // viva Saudi Telecom Company
+        "vivo", // vivo Telefonica Brasil S.A.
+        "vlaanderen", // vlaanderen DNS.be vzw
+        "vodka", // vodka Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "volkswagen", // volkswagen Volkswagen Group of America Inc.
+        "volvo", // volvo Volvo Holding Sverige Aktiebolag
+        "vote", // vote Monolith Registry LLC
+        "voting", // voting Valuetainment Corp.
+        "voto", // voto Monolith Registry LLC
+        "voyage", // voyage Ruby House, LLC
+        "vuelos", // vuelos Travel Reservations SRL
+        "wales", // wales Nominet UK
+        "walmart", // walmart Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.
+        "walter", // walter Sandvik AB
+        "wang", // wang Zodiac Registry Limited
+        "wanggou", // wanggou Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "warman", // warman Weir Group IP Limited
+        "watch", // watch Sand Shadow, LLC
+        "watches", // watches Richemont DNS Inc.
+        "weather", // weather The Weather Channel, LLC
+        "weatherchannel", // weatherchannel The Weather Channel, LLC
+        "webcam", // webcam dot Webcam Limited
+        "weber", // weber Saint-Gobain Weber SA
+        "website", // website DotWebsite Inc.
+        "wed", // wed Atgron, Inc.
+        "wedding", // wedding Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "weibo", // weibo Sina Corporation
+        "weir", // weir Weir Group IP Limited
+        "whoswho", // whoswho Who&#39;s Who Registry
+        "wien", // wien punkt.wien GmbH
+        "wiki", // wiki Top Level Design, LLC
+        "williamhill", // williamhill William Hill Organization Limited
+        "win", // win First Registry Limited
+        "windows", // windows Microsoft Corporation
+        "wine", // wine June Station, LLC
+        "winners", // winners The TJX Companies, Inc.
+        "wme", // wme William Morris Endeavor Entertainment, LLC
+        "wolterskluwer", // wolterskluwer Wolters Kluwer N.V.
+        "woodside", // woodside Woodside Petroleum Limited
+        "work", // work Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "works", // works Little Dynamite, LLC
+        "world", // world Bitter Fields, LLC
+        "wow", // wow Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "wtc", // wtc World Trade Centers Association, Inc.
+        "wtf", // wtf Hidden Way, LLC
+        "xbox", // xbox Microsoft Corporation
+        "xerox", // xerox Xerox DNHC LLC
+        "xfinity", // xfinity Comcast IP Holdings I, LLC
+        "xihuan", // xihuan QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD.
+        "xin", // xin Elegant Leader Limited
+        "xn--11b4c3d", // कॉम VeriSign Sarl
+        "xn--1ck2e1b", // セール Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "xn--1qqw23a", // 佛山 Guangzhou YU Wei Information Technology Co., Ltd.
+        "xn--30rr7y", // 慈善 Excellent First Limited
+        "xn--3bst00m", // 集团 Eagle Horizon Limited
+        "xn--3ds443g", // 在线 TLD REGISTRY LIMITED
+        "xn--3oq18vl8pn36a", // 大众汽车 Volkswagen (China) Investment Co., Ltd.
+        "xn--3pxu8k", // 点看 VeriSign Sarl
+        "xn--42c2d9a", // คอม VeriSign Sarl
+        "xn--45q11c", // 八卦 Zodiac Scorpio Limited
+        "xn--4gbrim", // موقع Suhub Electronic Establishment
+        "xn--55qw42g", // 公益 China Organizational Name Administration Center
+        "xn--55qx5d", // 公司 Computer Network Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences （China Internet Network Information Center）
+        "xn--5su34j936bgsg", // 香格里拉 Shangri‐La International Hotel Management Limited
+        "xn--5tzm5g", // 网站 Global Website TLD Asia Limited
+        "xn--6frz82g", // 移动 Afilias Limited
+        "xn--6qq986b3xl", // 我爱你 Tycoon Treasure Limited
+        "xn--80adxhks", // москва Foundation for Assistance for Internet Technologies and Infrastructure Development (FAITID)
+        "xn--80aqecdr1a", // католик Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (PCCS) (Pontifical Council for Social Communication)
+        "xn--80asehdb", // онлайн CORE Association
+        "xn--80aswg", // сайт CORE Association
+        "xn--8y0a063a", // 联通 China United Network Communications Corporation Limited
+        "xn--90ae", // бг Imena.BG Plc (NAMES.BG Plc)
+        "xn--9dbq2a", // קום VeriSign Sarl
+        "xn--9et52u", // 时尚 RISE VICTORY LIMITED
+        "xn--9krt00a", // 微博 Sina Corporation
+        "xn--b4w605ferd", // 淡马锡 Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited
+        "xn--bck1b9a5dre4c", // ファッション Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "xn--c1avg", // орг Public Interest Registry
+        "xn--c2br7g", // नेट VeriSign Sarl
+        "xn--cck2b3b", // ストア Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "xn--cg4bki", // 삼성 SAMSUNG SDS CO., LTD
+        "xn--czr694b", // 商标 HU YI GLOBAL INFORMATION RESOURCES(HOLDING) COMPANY.HONGKONG LIMITED
+        "xn--czrs0t", // 商店 Wild Island, LLC
+        "xn--czru2d", // 商城 Zodiac Aquarius Limited
+        "xn--d1acj3b", // дети The Foundation for Network Initiatives “The Smart Internet”
+        "xn--eckvdtc9d", // ポイント Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "xn--efvy88h", // 新闻 Xinhua News Agency Guangdong Branch 新华通讯社广东分社
+        "xn--estv75g", // 工行 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited
+        "xn--fct429k", // 家電 Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "xn--fhbei", // كوم VeriSign Sarl
+        "xn--fiq228c5hs", // 中文网 TLD REGISTRY LIMITED
+        "xn--fiq64b", // 中信 CITIC Group Corporation
+        "xn--fjq720a", // 娱乐 Will Bloom, LLC
+        "xn--flw351e", // 谷歌 Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "xn--fzys8d69uvgm", // 電訊盈科 PCCW Enterprises Limited
+        "xn--g2xx48c", // 购物 Minds + Machines Group Limited
+        "xn--gckr3f0f", // クラウド Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "xn--gk3at1e", // 通販 Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "xn--hxt814e", // 网店 Zodiac Libra Limited
+        "xn--i1b6b1a6a2e", // संगठन Public Interest Registry
+        "xn--imr513n", // 餐厅 HU YI GLOBAL INFORMATION RESOURCES (HOLDING) COMPANY. HONGKONG LIMITED
+        "xn--io0a7i", // 网络 Computer Network Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences （China Internet Network Information Center）
+        "xn--j1aef", // ком VeriSign Sarl
+        "xn--jlq61u9w7b", // 诺基亚 Nokia Corporation
+        "xn--jvr189m", // 食品 Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "xn--kcrx77d1x4a", // 飞利浦 Koninklijke Philips N.V.
+        "xn--kpu716f", // 手表 Richemont DNS Inc.
+        "xn--kput3i", // 手机 Beijing RITT-Net Technology Development Co., Ltd
+        "xn--mgba3a3ejt", // ارامكو Aramco Services Company
+        "xn--mgba7c0bbn0a", // العليان Crescent Holding GmbH
+        "xn--mgbab2bd", // بازار CORE Association
+        "xn--mgbb9fbpob", // موبايلي GreenTech Consultancy Company W.L.L.
+        "xn--mgbca7dzdo", // ابوظبي Abu Dhabi Systems and Information Centre
+        "xn--mgbi4ecexp", // كاثوليك Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (PCCS) (Pontifical Council for Social Communication)
+        "xn--mgbt3dhd", // همراه Asia Green IT System Bilgisayar San. ve Tic. Ltd. Sti.
+        "xn--mk1bu44c", // 닷컴 VeriSign Sarl
+        "xn--mxtq1m", // 政府 Net-Chinese Co., Ltd.
+        "xn--ngbc5azd", // شبكة International Domain Registry Pty. Ltd.
+        "xn--ngbe9e0a", // بيتك Kuwait Finance House
+        "xn--nqv7f", // 机构 Public Interest Registry
+        "xn--nqv7fs00ema", // 组织机构 Public Interest Registry
+        "xn--nyqy26a", // 健康 Stable Tone Limited
+        "xn--p1acf", // рус Rusnames Limited
+        "xn--pbt977c", // 珠宝 Richemont DNS Inc.
+        "xn--pssy2u", // 大拿 VeriSign Sarl
+        "xn--q9jyb4c", // みんな Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "xn--qcka1pmc", // グーグル Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "xn--rhqv96g", // 世界 Stable Tone Limited
+        "xn--rovu88b", // 書籍 Amazon EU S.à r.l.
+        "xn--ses554g", // 网址 KNET Co., Ltd
+        "xn--t60b56a", // 닷넷 VeriSign Sarl
+        "xn--tckwe", // コム VeriSign Sarl
+        "xn--tiq49xqyj", // 天主教 Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (PCCS) (Pontifical Council for Social Communication)
+        "xn--unup4y", // 游戏 Spring Fields, LLC
+        "xn--vermgensberater-ctb", // VERMöGENSBERATER Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG
+        "xn--vermgensberatung-pwb", // VERMöGENSBERATUNG Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG
+        "xn--vhquv", // 企业 Dash McCook, LLC
+        "xn--vuq861b", // 信息 Beijing Tele-info Network Technology Co., Ltd.
+        "xn--w4r85el8fhu5dnra", // 嘉里大酒店 Kerry Trading Co. Limited
+        "xn--w4rs40l", // 嘉里 Kerry Trading Co. Limited
+        "xn--xhq521b", // 广东 Guangzhou YU Wei Information Technology Co., Ltd.
+        "xn--zfr164b", // 政务 China Organizational Name Administration Center
+        "xperia", // xperia Sony Mobile Communications AB
+        "xxx", // xxx ICM Registry LLC
+        "xyz", // xyz XYZ.COM LLC
+        "yachts", // yachts DERYachts, LLC
+        "yahoo", // yahoo Yahoo! Domain Services Inc.
+        "yamaxun", // yamaxun Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "yandex", // yandex YANDEX, LLC
+        "yodobashi", // yodobashi YODOBASHI CAMERA CO.,LTD.
+        "yoga", // yoga Top Level Domain Holdings Limited
+        "yokohama", // yokohama GMO Registry, Inc.
+        "you", // you Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "youtube", // youtube Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "yun", // yun QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD.
+        "zappos", // zappos Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "zara", // zara Industria de Diseño Textil, S.A. (INDITEX, S.A.)
+        "zero", // zero Amazon Registry Services, Inc.
+        "zip", // zip Charleston Road Registry Inc.
+        "zippo", // zippo Zadco Company
+        "zone", // zone Outer Falls, LLC
+        "zuerich", // zuerich Kanton Zürich (Canton of Zurich)
+};
+
+    // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search
+    private static final String[] COUNTRY_CODE_TLDS = new String[] {
+        "ac",                 // Ascension Island
+        "ad",                 // Andorra
+        "ae",                 // United Arab Emirates
+        "af",                 // Afghanistan
+        "ag",                 // Antigua and Barbuda
+        "ai",                 // Anguilla
+        "al",                 // Albania
+        "am",                 // Armenia
+//        "an",                 // Netherlands Antilles (retired)
+        "ao",                 // Angola
+        "aq",                 // Antarctica
+        "ar",                 // Argentina
+        "as",                 // American Samoa
+        "at",                 // Austria
+        "au",                 // Australia (includes Ashmore and Cartier Islands and Coral Sea Islands)
+        "aw",                 // Aruba
+        "ax",                 // Åland
+        "az",                 // Azerbaijan
+        "ba",                 // Bosnia and Herzegovina
+        "bb",                 // Barbados
+        "bd",                 // Bangladesh
+        "be",                 // Belgium
+        "bf",                 // Burkina Faso
+        "bg",                 // Bulgaria
+        "bh",                 // Bahrain
+        "bi",                 // Burundi
+        "bj",                 // Benin
+        "bm",                 // Bermuda
+        "bn",                 // Brunei Darussalam
+        "bo",                 // Bolivia
+        "br",                 // Brazil
+        "bs",                 // Bahamas
+        "bt",                 // Bhutan
+        "bv",                 // Bouvet Island
+        "bw",                 // Botswana
+        "by",                 // Belarus
+        "bz",                 // Belize
+        "ca",                 // Canada
+        "cc",                 // Cocos (Keeling) Islands
+        "cd",                 // Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire)
+        "cf",                 // Central African Republic
+        "cg",                 // Republic of the Congo
+        "ch",                 // Switzerland
+        "ci",                 // Côte d'Ivoire
+        "ck",                 // Cook Islands
+        "cl",                 // Chile
+        "cm",                 // Cameroon
+        "cn",                 // China, mainland
+        "co",                 // Colombia
+        "cr",                 // Costa Rica
+        "cu",                 // Cuba
+        "cv",                 // Cape Verde
+        "cw",                 // Curaçao
+        "cx",                 // Christmas Island
+        "cy",                 // Cyprus
+        "cz",                 // Czech Republic
+        "de",                 // Germany
+        "dj",                 // Djibouti
+        "dk",                 // Denmark
+        "dm",                 // Dominica
+        "do",                 // Dominican Republic
+        "dz",                 // Algeria
+        "ec",                 // Ecuador
+        "ee",                 // Estonia
+        "eg",                 // Egypt
+        "er",                 // Eritrea
+        "es",                 // Spain
+        "et",                 // Ethiopia
+        "eu",                 // European Union
+        "fi",                 // Finland
+        "fj",                 // Fiji
+        "fk",                 // Falkland Islands
+        "fm",                 // Federated States of Micronesia
+        "fo",                 // Faroe Islands
+        "fr",                 // France
+        "ga",                 // Gabon
+        "gb",                 // Great Britain (United Kingdom)
+        "gd",                 // Grenada
+        "ge",                 // Georgia
+        "gf",                 // French Guiana
+        "gg",                 // Guernsey
+        "gh",                 // Ghana
+        "gi",                 // Gibraltar
+        "gl",                 // Greenland
+        "gm",                 // The Gambia
+        "gn",                 // Guinea
+        "gp",                 // Guadeloupe
+        "gq",                 // Equatorial Guinea
+        "gr",                 // Greece
+        "gs",                 // South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
+        "gt",                 // Guatemala
+        "gu",                 // Guam
+        "gw",                 // Guinea-Bissau
+        "gy",                 // Guyana
+        "hk",                 // Hong Kong
+        "hm",                 // Heard Island and McDonald Islands
+        "hn",                 // Honduras
+        "hr",                 // Croatia (Hrvatska)
+        "ht",                 // Haiti
+        "hu",                 // Hungary
+        "id",                 // Indonesia
+        "ie",                 // Ireland (Éire)
+        "il",                 // Israel
+        "im",                 // Isle of Man
+        "in",                 // India
+        "io",                 // British Indian Ocean Territory
+        "iq",                 // Iraq
+        "ir",                 // Iran
+        "is",                 // Iceland
+        "it",                 // Italy
+        "je",                 // Jersey
+        "jm",                 // Jamaica
+        "jo",                 // Jordan
+        "jp",                 // Japan
+        "ke",                 // Kenya
+        "kg",                 // Kyrgyzstan
+        "kh",                 // Cambodia (Khmer)
+        "ki",                 // Kiribati
+        "km",                 // Comoros
+        "kn",                 // Saint Kitts and Nevis
+        "kp",                 // North Korea
+        "kr",                 // South Korea
+        "kw",                 // Kuwait
+        "ky",                 // Cayman Islands
+        "kz",                 // Kazakhstan
+        "la",                 // Laos (currently being marketed as the official domain for Los Angeles)
+        "lb",                 // Lebanon
+        "lc",                 // Saint Lucia
+        "li",                 // Liechtenstein
+        "lk",                 // Sri Lanka
+        "lr",                 // Liberia
+        "ls",                 // Lesotho
+        "lt",                 // Lithuania
+        "lu",                 // Luxembourg
+        "lv",                 // Latvia
+        "ly",                 // Libya
+        "ma",                 // Morocco
+        "mc",                 // Monaco
+        "md",                 // Moldova
+        "me",                 // Montenegro
+        "mg",                 // Madagascar
+        "mh",                 // Marshall Islands
+        "mk",                 // Republic of Macedonia
+        "ml",                 // Mali
+        "mm",                 // Myanmar
+        "mn",                 // Mongolia
+        "mo",                 // Macau
+        "mp",                 // Northern Mariana Islands
+        "mq",                 // Martinique
+        "mr",                 // Mauritania
+        "ms",                 // Montserrat
+        "mt",                 // Malta
+        "mu",                 // Mauritius
+        "mv",                 // Maldives
+        "mw",                 // Malawi
+        "mx",                 // Mexico
+        "my",                 // Malaysia
+        "mz",                 // Mozambique
+        "na",                 // Namibia
+        "nc",                 // New Caledonia
+        "ne",                 // Niger
+        "nf",                 // Norfolk Island
+        "ng",                 // Nigeria
+        "ni",                 // Nicaragua
+        "nl",                 // Netherlands
+        "no",                 // Norway
+        "np",                 // Nepal
+        "nr",                 // Nauru
+        "nu",                 // Niue
+        "nz",                 // New Zealand
+        "om",                 // Oman
+        "pa",                 // Panama
+        "pe",                 // Peru
+        "pf",                 // French Polynesia With Clipperton Island
+        "pg",                 // Papua New Guinea
+        "ph",                 // Philippines
+        "pk",                 // Pakistan
+        "pl",                 // Poland
+        "pm",                 // Saint-Pierre and Miquelon
+        "pn",                 // Pitcairn Islands
+        "pr",                 // Puerto Rico
+        "ps",                 // Palestinian territories (PA-controlled West Bank and Gaza Strip)
+        "pt",                 // Portugal
+        "pw",                 // Palau
+        "py",                 // Paraguay
+        "qa",                 // Qatar
+        "re",                 // Réunion
+        "ro",                 // Romania
+        "rs",                 // Serbia
+        "ru",                 // Russia
+        "rw",                 // Rwanda
+        "sa",                 // Saudi Arabia
+        "sb",                 // Solomon Islands
+        "sc",                 // Seychelles
+        "sd",                 // Sudan
+        "se",                 // Sweden
+        "sg",                 // Singapore
+        "sh",                 // Saint Helena
+        "si",                 // Slovenia
+        "sj",                 // Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands Not in use (Norwegian dependencies; see .no)
+        "sk",                 // Slovakia
+        "sl",                 // Sierra Leone
+        "sm",                 // San Marino
+        "sn",                 // Senegal
+        "so",                 // Somalia
+        "sr",                 // Suriname
+        "st",                 // São Tomé and Príncipe
+        "su",                 // Soviet Union (deprecated)
+        "sv",                 // El Salvador
+        "sx",                 // Sint Maarten
+        "sy",                 // Syria
+        "sz",                 // Swaziland
+        "tc",                 // Turks and Caicos Islands
+        "td",                 // Chad
+        "tf",                 // French Southern and Antarctic Lands
+        "tg",                 // Togo
+        "th",                 // Thailand
+        "tj",                 // Tajikistan
+        "tk",                 // Tokelau
+        "tl",                 // East Timor (deprecated old code)
+        "tm",                 // Turkmenistan
+        "tn",                 // Tunisia
+        "to",                 // Tonga
+//        "tp",                 // East Timor (Retired)
+        "tr",                 // Turkey
+        "tt",                 // Trinidad and Tobago
+        "tv",                 // Tuvalu
+        "tw",                 // Taiwan, Republic of China
+        "tz",                 // Tanzania
+        "ua",                 // Ukraine
+        "ug",                 // Uganda
+        "uk",                 // United Kingdom
+        "us",                 // United States of America
+        "uy",                 // Uruguay
+        "uz",                 // Uzbekistan
+        "va",                 // Vatican City State
+        "vc",                 // Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
+        "ve",                 // Venezuela
+        "vg",                 // British Virgin Islands
+        "vi",                 // U.S. Virgin Islands
+        "vn",                 // Vietnam
+        "vu",                 // Vanuatu
+        "wf",                 // Wallis and Futuna
+        "ws",                 // Samoa (formerly Western Samoa)
+        "xn--3e0b707e", // 한국 KISA (Korea Internet &amp; Security Agency)
+        "xn--45brj9c", // ভারত National Internet Exchange of India
+        "xn--54b7fta0cc", // বাংলা Posts and Telecommunications Division
+        "xn--80ao21a", // қаз Association of IT Companies of Kazakhstan
+        "xn--90a3ac", // срб Serbian National Internet Domain Registry (RNIDS)
+        "xn--90ais", // ??? Reliable Software Inc.
+        "xn--clchc0ea0b2g2a9gcd", // சிங்கப்பூர் Singapore Network Information Centre (SGNIC) Pte Ltd
+        "xn--d1alf", // мкд Macedonian Academic Research Network Skopje
+        "xn--e1a4c", // ею EURid vzw/asbl
+        "xn--fiqs8s", // 中国 China Internet Network Information Center
+        "xn--fiqz9s", // 中國 China Internet Network Information Center
+        "xn--fpcrj9c3d", // భారత్ National Internet Exchange of India
+        "xn--fzc2c9e2c", // ලංකා LK Domain Registry
+        "xn--gecrj9c", // ભારત National Internet Exchange of India
+        "xn--h2brj9c", // भारत National Internet Exchange of India
+        "xn--j1amh", // укр Ukrainian Network Information Centre (UANIC), Inc.
+        "xn--j6w193g", // 香港 Hong Kong Internet Registration Corporation Ltd.
+        "xn--kprw13d", // 台湾 Taiwan Network Information Center (TWNIC)
+        "xn--kpry57d", // 台灣 Taiwan Network Information Center (TWNIC)
+        "xn--l1acc", // мон Datacom Co.,Ltd
+        "xn--lgbbat1ad8j", // الجزائر CERIST
+        "xn--mgb9awbf", // عمان Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA)
+        "xn--mgba3a4f16a", // ایران Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM)
+        "xn--mgbaam7a8h", // امارات Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA)
+        "xn--mgbayh7gpa", // الاردن National Information Technology Center (NITC)
+        "xn--mgbbh1a71e", // بھارت National Internet Exchange of India
+        "xn--mgbc0a9azcg", // المغرب Agence Nationale de Réglementation des Télécommunications (ANRT)
+        "xn--mgberp4a5d4ar", // السعودية Communications and Information Technology Commission
+        "xn--mgbpl2fh", // ????? Sudan Internet Society
+        "xn--mgbtx2b", // عراق Communications and Media Commission (CMC)
+        "xn--mgbx4cd0ab", // مليسيا MYNIC Berhad
+        "xn--mix891f", // 澳門 Bureau of Telecommunications Regulation (DSRT)
+        "xn--node", // გე Information Technologies Development Center (ITDC)
+        "xn--o3cw4h", // ไทย Thai Network Information Center Foundation
+        "xn--ogbpf8fl", // سورية National Agency for Network Services (NANS)
+        "xn--p1ai", // рф Coordination Center for TLD RU
+        "xn--pgbs0dh", // تونس Agence Tunisienne d&#39;Internet
+        "xn--qxam", // ελ ICS-FORTH GR
+        "xn--s9brj9c", // ਭਾਰਤ National Internet Exchange of India
+        "xn--wgbh1c", // مصر National Telecommunication Regulatory Authority - NTRA
+        "xn--wgbl6a", // قطر Communications Regulatory Authority
+        "xn--xkc2al3hye2a", // இலங்கை LK Domain Registry
+        "xn--xkc2dl3a5ee0h", // இந்தியா National Internet Exchange of India
+        "xn--y9a3aq", // ??? Internet Society
+        "xn--yfro4i67o", // 新加坡 Singapore Network Information Centre (SGNIC) Pte Ltd
+        "xn--ygbi2ammx", // فلسطين Ministry of Telecom &amp; Information Technology (MTIT)
+        "ye",                 // Yemen
+        "yt",                 // Mayotte
+        "za",                 // South Africa
+        "zm",                 // Zambia
+        "zw",                 // Zimbabwe
+    };
+
+    // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search
+    private static final String[] LOCAL_TLDS = new String[] {
+       "localdomain",         // Also widely used as localhost.localdomain
+       "localhost",           // RFC2606 defined
+    };
+
+    // Additional arrays to supplement or override the built in ones.
+    // The PLUS arrays are valid keys, the MINUS arrays are invalid keys
+
+    /*
+     * This field is used to detect whether the getInstance has been called.
+     * After this, the method updateTLDOverride is not allowed to be called.
+     * This field does not need to be volatile since it is only accessed from
+     * synchronized methods. 
+     */
+    private static boolean inUse = false;
+
+    /*
+     * These arrays are mutable, but they don't need to be volatile.
+     * They can only be updated by the updateTLDOverride method, and any readers must get an instance
+     * using the getInstance methods which are all (now) synchronised.
+     */
+    // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search
+    private static volatile String[] countryCodeTLDsPlus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY;
+
+    // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search
+    private static volatile String[] genericTLDsPlus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY;
+
+    // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search
+    private static volatile String[] countryCodeTLDsMinus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY;
+
+    // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search
+    private static volatile String[] genericTLDsMinus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY;
+
+    /**
+     * enum used by {@link DomainValidator#updateTLDOverride(ArrayType, String[])}
+     * to determine which override array to update / fetch
+     * @since 1.5.0
+     * @since 1.5.1 made public and added read-only array references
+     */
+    public enum ArrayType {
+        /** Update (or get a copy of) the GENERIC_TLDS_PLUS table containing additonal generic TLDs */
+        GENERIC_PLUS,
+        /** Update (or get a copy of) the GENERIC_TLDS_MINUS table containing deleted generic TLDs */
+        GENERIC_MINUS,
+        /** Update (or get a copy of) the COUNTRY_CODE_TLDS_PLUS table containing additonal country code TLDs */
+        COUNTRY_CODE_PLUS,
+        /** Update (or get a copy of) the COUNTRY_CODE_TLDS_MINUS table containing deleted country code TLDs */
+        COUNTRY_CODE_MINUS,
+        /** Get a copy of the generic TLDS table */
+        GENERIC_RO,
+        /** Get a copy of the country code table */
+        COUNTRY_CODE_RO,
+        /** Get a copy of the infrastructure table */
+        INFRASTRUCTURE_RO,
+        /** Get a copy of the local table */
+        LOCAL_RO
+        ;
+    };
+
+    // For use by unit test code only
+    static synchronized void clearTLDOverrides() {
+        inUse = false;
+        countryCodeTLDsPlus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY;
+        countryCodeTLDsMinus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY;
+        genericTLDsPlus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY;
+        genericTLDsMinus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Update one of the TLD override arrays.
+     * This must only be done at program startup, before any instances are accessed using getInstance.
+     * <p>
+     * For example:
+     * <p>
+     * {@code DomainValidator.updateTLDOverride(ArrayType.GENERIC_PLUS, new String[]{"apache"})}
+     * <p>
+     * To clear an override array, provide an empty array.
+     *
+     * @param table the table to update, see {@link DomainValidator.ArrayType}
+     * Must be one of the following
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>COUNTRY_CODE_MINUS</li>
+     * <li>COUNTRY_CODE_PLUS</li>
+     * <li>GENERIC_MINUS</li>
+     * <li>GENERIC_PLUS</li>
+     * </ul>
+     * @param tlds the array of TLDs, must not be null
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if the method is called after getInstance
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if one of the read-only tables is requested
+     * @since 1.5.0
+     */
+    public static synchronized void updateTLDOverride(ArrayType table, String [] tlds) {
+        if (inUse) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Can only invoke this method before calling getInstance");
+        }
+        String [] copy = new String[tlds.length];
+        // Comparisons are always done with lower-case entries
+        for (int i = 0; i < tlds.length; i++) {
+            copy[i] = tlds[i].toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
+        }
+        Arrays.sort(copy);
+        switch(table) {
+        case COUNTRY_CODE_MINUS:
+            countryCodeTLDsMinus = copy;
+            break;
+        case COUNTRY_CODE_PLUS:
+            countryCodeTLDsPlus = copy;
+            break;
+        case GENERIC_MINUS:
+            genericTLDsMinus = copy;
+            break;
+        case GENERIC_PLUS:
+            genericTLDsPlus = copy;
+            break;
+        case COUNTRY_CODE_RO:
+        case GENERIC_RO:
+        case INFRASTRUCTURE_RO:
+        case LOCAL_RO:
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot update the table: " + table);
+        default:
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected enum value: " + table);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get a copy of the internal array.
+     * @param table the array type (any of the enum values)
+     * @return a copy of the array
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the table type is unexpected (should not happen)
+     * @since 1.5.1
+     */
+    public static String [] getTLDEntries(ArrayType table) {
+        final String array[];
+        switch(table) {
+        case COUNTRY_CODE_MINUS:
+            array = countryCodeTLDsMinus;
+            break;
+        case COUNTRY_CODE_PLUS:
+            array = countryCodeTLDsPlus;
+            break;
+        case GENERIC_MINUS:
+            array = genericTLDsMinus;
+            break;
+        case GENERIC_PLUS:
+            array = genericTLDsPlus;
+            break;
+        case GENERIC_RO:
+            array = GENERIC_TLDS;
+            break;
+        case COUNTRY_CODE_RO:
+            array = COUNTRY_CODE_TLDS;
+            break;
+        case INFRASTRUCTURE_RO:
+            array = INFRASTRUCTURE_TLDS;
+            break;
+        case LOCAL_RO:
+            array = LOCAL_TLDS;
+            break;
+        default:
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected enum value: " + table);
+        }
+        return Arrays.copyOf(array, array.length); // clone the array
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts potentially Unicode input to punycode.
+     * If conversion fails, returns the original input.
+     * 
+     * @param input the string to convert, not null
+     * @return converted input, or original input if conversion fails
+     */
+    // Needed by UrlValidator
+    static String unicodeToASCII(String input) {
+        if (isOnlyASCII(input)) { // skip possibly expensive processing
+            return input;
+        }
+        try {
+            final String ascii = IDN.toASCII(input);
+            if (IDNBUGHOLDER.IDN_TOASCII_PRESERVES_TRAILING_DOTS) {
+                return ascii;
+            }
+            final int length = input.length();
+            if (length == 0) {// check there is a last character
+                return input;
+            }
+            // RFC3490 3.1. 1)
+            //            Whenever dots are used as label separators, the following
+            //            characters MUST be recognized as dots: U+002E (full stop), U+3002
+            //            (ideographic full stop), U+FF0E (fullwidth full stop), U+FF61
+            //            (halfwidth ideographic full stop).
+            char lastChar = input.charAt(length-1);// fetch original last char
+            switch(lastChar) {
+                case '\u002E': // "." full stop
+                case '\u3002': // ideographic full stop
+                case '\uFF0E': // fullwidth full stop
+                case '\uFF61': // halfwidth ideographic full stop
+                    return ascii + "."; // restore the missing stop
+                default:
+                    return ascii;
+            }
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { // input is not valid
+            return input;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class IDNBUGHOLDER {
+        private static boolean keepsTrailingDot() {
+            final String input = "a."; // must be a valid name
+            return input.equals(IDN.toASCII(input));
+        }
+        private static final boolean IDN_TOASCII_PRESERVES_TRAILING_DOTS = keepsTrailingDot();
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Check if input contains only ASCII
+     * Treats null as all ASCII
+     */
+    private static boolean isOnlyASCII(String input) {
+        if (input == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        for(int i=0; i < input.length(); i++) {
+            if (input.charAt(i) > 0x7F) { // CHECKSTYLE IGNORE MagicNumber
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if a sorted array contains the specified key
+     *
+     * @param sortedArray the array to search
+     * @param key the key to find
+     * @return {@code true} if the array contains the key
+     */
+    private static boolean arrayContains(String[] sortedArray, String key) {
+        return Arrays.binarySearch(sortedArray, key) >= 0;
+    }
+}